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    Refuse Derived Fuel Market

    ID: MRFR/E&P/23518-HCR
    100 Pages
    Snehal Singh
    September 2025

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Research Report By Feedstock Source (Municipal Solid Waste, Commercial and Industrial Waste, Construction and Demolition Waste, Agricultural Waste), By Fuel Type (Solid RDF, Liquid RDF, Gaseous RDF), By Technology (Mechanical Processing, Thermal Processing, Biological Processing, Hybrid Processing), By End-Use Application (Power Generation, Industrial Heating, Cement Manufacturing, Other Industrial Processes), By Feedstock Quality (High-Calorific Value, Medium-Calorific Value, Low-Calorific Value) and By Regional (...

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    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Research Report — Global Forecast till 2034 Infographic
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    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Summary

    The global refuse derived fuel market is projected to grow from 21.6 USD billion in 2024 to 38.9 USD billion by 2035.

    Key Market Trends & Highlights

    Refuse Derived Fuel Key Trends and Highlights

    • The market is expected to achieve a compound annual growth rate of 5.48 percent from 2025 to 2035.
    • By 2035, the market valuation is anticipated to reach 38.9 USD billion, reflecting a robust growth trajectory.
    • In 2024, the market is valued at 21.6 USD billion, indicating a strong foundation for future expansion.
    • Growing adoption of waste-to-energy technologies due to increasing environmental regulations is a major market driver.

    Market Size & Forecast

    2024 Market Size 21.6 (USD Billion)
    2035 Market Size 38.9 (USD Billion)
    CAGR (2025-2035) 5.48%

    Major Players

    Veolia Environnement, SUEZ, Covanta Energy, Waste Management, Inc., Viridor, SITA, Babcock Wilcox, JFE Engineering, Urbaser, Biffa, Ramboll, CNIM Martin, FCC Environment, Renewi, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Trends

    Recent trends indicate a shift towards large-scale RDF facilities with advanced technologies to maximize efficiency and reduce emissions. Governments are implementing policies that promote RDF utilization, including feed-in tariffs and tax incentives. There is a growing interest in RDF-derived products such as biochar and activated carbon due to their potential in carbon sequestration, soil enhancement, and wastewater treatment.

    The global shift towards sustainable waste management practices is likely to enhance the adoption of refuse-derived fuel as a viable alternative energy source, thereby contributing to reduced landfill dependency and greenhouse gas emissions.

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Drivers

    Market Growth Projections

    The Global Refuse Derived Fuel Market Industry is projected to experience substantial growth, with estimates indicating a market value of 21.6 USD Billion in 2024 and a potential increase to 38.9 USD Billion by 2035. This growth trajectory suggests a compound annual growth rate of 5.48% from 2025 to 2035. The increasing focus on sustainable waste management practices, coupled with technological advancements and regulatory support, is likely to drive this expansion. As stakeholders recognize the importance of refuse derived fuel in achieving energy security and environmental goals, the market is poised for significant developments in the coming years.

    Increasing Waste Generation

    The Global Refuse Derived Fuel Market Industry is experiencing growth due to the rising volume of waste generated worldwide. As urbanization continues to escalate, cities are producing more municipal solid waste, which necessitates effective waste management solutions. In 2024, the market is valued at 21.6 USD Billion, reflecting the urgent need for alternative fuel sources derived from waste. This trend is particularly pronounced in developing countries, where waste management infrastructure is often inadequate. The conversion of waste into refuse derived fuel not only addresses waste disposal challenges but also contributes to energy production, thereby enhancing sustainability efforts globally.

    Growing Demand for Renewable Energy Sources

    The increasing demand for renewable energy sources is a crucial factor driving the Global Refuse Derived Fuel Market Industry. As nations strive to reduce their carbon footprints and transition to cleaner energy alternatives, refuse derived fuel presents a viable solution. This fuel can replace fossil fuels in various applications, including power generation and industrial processes. The market's growth is further supported by the global shift towards sustainability, with many countries setting ambitious renewable energy targets. Consequently, the market is anticipated to expand significantly, reflecting the global commitment to reducing reliance on conventional energy sources.

    Economic Benefits of Waste-to-Fuel Conversion

    The economic advantages associated with converting waste to fuel are increasingly recognized within the Global Refuse Derived Fuel Market Industry. This conversion process not only mitigates waste disposal costs but also generates revenue through energy production. Municipalities and private enterprises are realizing the financial potential of refuse derived fuel, which can lead to job creation and stimulate local economies. As the market evolves, stakeholders are likely to invest more in waste-to-fuel technologies, recognizing their dual benefits of economic viability and environmental sustainability. This trend is expected to further bolster market growth in the coming years.

    Technological Advancements in Fuel Production

    Technological innovations in the production of refuse derived fuel are significantly influencing the Global Refuse Derived Fuel Market Industry. Advanced processing techniques, such as mechanical biological treatment and pyrolysis, enhance the efficiency of converting waste into fuel. These technologies improve the quality of the fuel produced, making it more viable for energy generation. As a result, the market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.48% from 2025 to 2035. The adoption of these technologies not only increases the yield of refuse derived fuel but also reduces the environmental impact associated with waste disposal.

    Regulatory Support for Waste-to-Energy Initiatives

    Government policies and regulations promoting waste-to-energy initiatives are pivotal drivers of the Global Refuse Derived Fuel Market Industry. Many countries are implementing stringent waste management regulations that encourage the conversion of waste into energy. For instance, the European Union has set ambitious recycling and recovery targets, which have spurred investments in refuse derived fuel technologies. This regulatory framework not only facilitates the growth of the market but also aligns with global sustainability goals. As a result, the market is projected to reach 38.9 USD Billion by 2035, indicating a robust response to regulatory incentives.

    Market Segment Insights

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Feedstock Source Insights

    The Refuse Derived Fuel Market is segmented based on Feedstock Source into Municipal Solid Waste, Commercial and Industrial Waste, Construction and Demolition Waste, and Agricultural Waste. Municipal Solid Waste is the largest segment of the Refuse Derived Fuel Market, accounting for over 60% of the overall revenue in 2023. This is due to the growing generation of municipal solid waste that results from the increasing population, urbanization, and changing lifestyles. Commercial and Industrial Waste is the second largest segment, which also occupies a significant share of the market.

    It is expected to grow at a considerable pace in the foreseeable future because of the increasing need for energy in the industrial and commercial industries. Construction and Demolition Waste is another vital part of the Refuse Derived Fuel Market. It is expected to be one of the most rapidly growing segments in the near future as a result of the increasing number of construction and demolition activities worldwide. 

    Agricultural Waste is a relatively small segment of the market, but it is also expected to grow at a noteworthy pace in the foreseeable future as a result of the increasing awareness about the environmental advantages of using this feedstock source. In conclusion, the Refuse Derived Fuel Market is likely to grow at a considerable pace in the foreseeable future due to the rising demand for energy, increasing prices of fossil fuels, and greater knowledge regarding the environmental benefits of refuse derived fuel.

    Source: Primary Research, Secondary Research, Market Research Future Database and Analyst Review

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Fuel Type Insights

    Solid RDF is the most widely used fuel type, accounting for over 60% of the Refuse Derived Fuel Market revenue in 2023. It is produced by shredding and compacting waste materials and has a high calorific value and low moisture content. Liquid RDF is a newer fuel type that is produced by converting waste materials into a liquid form. It has a higher energy density than solid RDF but is also more expensive to produce. Gaseous RDF is produced by gasifying waste materials and has the highest energy density of all RDF types.

    However, it is also the most expensive to produce and is not yet widely used.The growth of the Refuse Derived Fuel market is being driven by the increasing demand for renewable energy sources and the need to reduce the amount of waste going to landfills. Solid RDF is expected to remain the dominant fuel type over the next decade, but liquid and gaseous RDF are expected to gain market share as their production costs decrease.

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Technology Insights

    The Refuse Derived Fuel Market is segmented by technology into mechanical processing, thermal processing, biological processing, and hybrid processing. Among these, mechanical processing accounted for the largest share of the market in 2023, and it is projected to continue to dominate the market through 2032. This is due to the fact that mechanical processing is a well-established technology that is relatively inexpensive and easy to implement.

    However, thermal processing is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period.This is because thermal processing can convert RDF into a more energy-dense fuel, which can be used to generate electricity or heat. In 2023, the Refuse Derived Fuel Market was valued at 19.43 billion USD. The growth of the market is being driven by the increasing demand for renewable energy sources and the need to reduce the amount of waste going to landfills.

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market End-Use Application Insights

    The end-use application segment of the Refuse Derived Fuel Market is classified into Power Generation, Industrial Heating, Cement Manufacturing, and Other Industrial Processes. Power Generation accounts for the largest share of the market due to the increasing demand for electricity and the growing adoption of renewable energy sources. Industrial Heating is another major application, as RDF can be used as a cost-effective fuel source for industries such as steel, cement, and glass manufacturing. Cement Manufacturing also utilizes RDF as an alternative fuel source, contributing to the market's growth.

    Other Industrial Processes, such as chemical manufacturing and mining, also contribute to the demand for RDF due to its energy efficiency and environmental benefits. The Refuse Derived Fuel Market revenue is expected to reach USD 21.34 billion in 2024, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.6% during the forecast period (2023-2032). This growth is attributed to the increasing demand for sustainable waste management solutions and the growing adoption of RDF as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly fuel source across various industries.

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Feedstock Quality Insights

    The Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) market is segmented based on feedstock quality into high-calorific value, medium-calorific value, and low-calorific value. High-calorific value RDF is produced from materials with high energy content, such as plastics, paper, and wood. Medium-calorific value RDF is produced from materials with moderate energy content, such as textiles and cardboard. Low-calorific value RDF is produced from materials with low energy content, such as food waste and yard waste. 

    The high-calorific value RDF segment is expected to account for the largest share of the global RDF market by 2024, owing to the increasing demand for RDF as a fuel source in power plants and industrial boilers. The medium-calorific value RDF segment is also expected to witness significant growth over the forecast period due to the growing use of RDF in cement kilns and other industrial applications. The low-calorific value RDF segment is expected to have a relatively smaller share of the market, but it is still expected to grow at a steady pace over the forecast period.

    Get more detailed insights about Refuse Derived Fuel Market Research Report — Global Forecast till 2034

    Regional Insights

    The Refuse Derived Fuel Market revenue is expected to reach USD 19.43 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.48%, reaching USD 31.4 billion by 2032. Regionally, North America accounted for the largest share of the global RDF market in 2023, followed by Europe and APAC. North America is expected to continue to dominate the market throughout the forecast period, driven by increasing waste generation, government initiatives to promote renewable energy sources, and technological advancements in RDF production. 

    Europe is expected to witness significant growth due to stringent environmental regulations and the increasing adoption of RDF in cement kilns.APAC is projected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period, owing to rising urbanization, industrialization, and increasing waste generation in developing countries such as China and India. South America and MEA are expected to contribute a smaller share to the global RDF market, but they are expected to grow at a steady pace due to increasing awareness about waste management and the potential of RDF as a renewable energy source.

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Regional Insights

    Source: Primary Research, Secondary Research, Market Research Future Database and Analyst Review

    Key Players and Competitive Insights

    Major players in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market are constantly striving to improve their product offerings and expand their market presence. Leading Refuse Derived Fuel Market players are investing in research and development to develop innovative technologies and processes. The Refuse Derived Fuel Market industry is highly competitive, with a large number of players vying for market share. Companies are focusing on strategic partnerships and acquisitions to strengthen their position in the market.

    The Refuse Derived Fuel Market is expected to witness significant growth in the coming years, driven by increasing demand for renewable energy sources and government regulations promoting waste reduction.

    Leading Refuse Derived Fuel Market players such as Veolia Environnement, SUEZ, and Covanta Energy are investing in advanced technologies to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of their operations. Veolia Environnement, for instance, is investing in the development of anaerobic digestion facilities to convert organic waste into biogas. SUEZ is focusing on developing innovative waste sorting and treatment technologies to recover valuable materials from waste.

    Covanta Energy is expanding its network of waste-to-energy facilities to meet the growing demand for renewable energy. Another major competitor in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market is Waste Management, Inc. The company has a strong presence in the United States and Canada and is also expanding its operations in Europe. Waste Management, Inc. is focusing on developing sustainable waste management solutions, including the use of refuse-derived fuel. The company is also investing in recycling and composting programs to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills.

    Key Companies in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market market include

    Industry Developments

    The global Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) market is projected to grow from USD 19.43 billion in 2023 to USD 31.4 billion by 2032, at a CAGR of 5.48%. Increasing waste generation, coupled with stringent government regulations on waste management, is driving the market. The Asia Pacific region is expected to witness significant growth due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Key industry participants are focusing on strategic partnerships and acquisitions to expand their market presence.

    Recent developments include:- In 2023, Veolia acquired Suez's waste management business, strengthening its position in the RDF market.- In 2022, China Resources Power Holdings invested in a new RDF power plant in Jiangsu Province, China.These developments highlight the growing significance of RDF as a sustainable waste management solution.

    Future Outlook

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Future Outlook

    The Global Refuse Derived Fuel Market is projected to grow at a 5.48% CAGR from 2024 to 2035, driven by increasing waste management regulations and rising energy demands.

    New opportunities lie in:

    • Invest in advanced sorting technologies to enhance RDF quality and marketability.
    • Develop partnerships with municipalities for sustainable waste-to-energy projects.
    • Explore innovative applications of RDF in industrial sectors to diversify revenue streams.

    By 2035, the market is expected to achieve substantial growth, reflecting evolving energy needs and sustainable practices.

    Market Segmentation

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Regional Outlook

    • North America
    • Europe
    • South America
    • Asia Pacific
    • Middle East and Africa

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Fuel Type Outlook

    • Mechanical Processing
    • Thermal Processing
    • Biological Processing
    • Hybrid Processing

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Technology Outlook

    • Power Generation
    • Industrial Heating
    • Cement Manufacturing
    • Other Industrial Processes

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Feedstock Source Outlook

    • Solid RDF
    • Liquid RDF
    • Gaseous RDF

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market Feedstock Quality Outlook

    • North America
    • Europe
    • South America
    • Asia Pacific
    • Middle East and Africa

    Refuse Derived Fuel Market End-Use Application Outlook

    • High-Calorific Value
    • Medium-Calorific Value
    • Low-Calorific Value

    Report Scope

    Report Attribute/Metric Details
    Market Size 2024   21.63 (USD Billion)
    Market Size 2025   22.82 (USD Billion)
    Market Size 2034    36.88 (USD Billion)
    Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)      5.48% (2025 - 2034)
    Report Coverage Revenue Forecast, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, and Trends
    Base Year 2024
    Market Forecast Period 2025 - 2034
    Historical Data 2019 - 2023
    Market Forecast Units USD Billion
    Key Companies Profiled Viridor, SITA, Covanta, Babcock Wilcox, JFE Engineering, Suez, Urbaser, Biffa, Ramboll, CNIM Martin, FCC Environment, Renewi, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Waste Management, Veolia
    Segments Covered Feedstock Source, Fuel Type, Technology, End-Use Application, Feedstock Quality, Regional
    Key Market Opportunities Growing demand for sustainable waste management Increasing adoption in cement and power plants Government initiatives for waste reduction Technological advancements in RDF production Rising energy costs.
    Key Market Dynamics Increasing waste generation Government initiatives Technological advancements Fluctuating fuel prices Growing demand for sustainable waste management
    Countries Covered North America, Europe, APAC, South America, MEA

    FAQs

    What is the market size of the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    The Refuse Derived Fuel Market is expected to reach a valuation of USD 21.63 billion by 2024 and is projected to reach USD 36.88 billion by 2034, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.48% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2034.

    What are the key regions in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    The key regions in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market are North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Rest of the World. North America is expected to hold the largest market share due to the increasing demand for RDF in countries like China and India.

    What are the major applications of Refuse Derived Fuel?

    The major applications of Refuse Derived Fuel include power generation, cement manufacturing, and industrial boilers. RDF is gaining popularity as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels due to its lower carbon emissions and ability to reduce waste disposal costs.

    Who are the key competitors in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    The key competitors in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market include Covanta Holding Corporation, Veolia Environmental Services, Waste Management, Inc., Suez Environnement, and Babcock Wilcox Enterprises, Inc. These companies are investing in research and development to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of RDF production.

    What are the factors driving the growth of the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    The growth of the Refuse Derived Fuel Market is driven by factors such as increasing waste generation, growing demand for sustainable energy sources, and government regulations promoting waste reduction and recycling. RDF provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution to waste management challenges.

    What are the challenges faced by the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    The Refuse Derived Fuel Market faces challenges such as high investment costs for RDF production facilities, stringent environmental regulations, and competition from other waste-to-energy technologies. However, ongoing advancements in technology and government support are expected to mitigate these challenges.

    What are the opportunities for growth in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    Opportunities for growth in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market include expanding into emerging markets, developing new and innovative RDF technologies, and increasing collaboration between waste management companies and energy producers. The growing focus on circular economy and sustainability presents significant opportunities for RDF market expansion.

    What are the key trends in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    Key trends in the Refuse Derived Fuel Market include the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation in RDF production processes, the development of RDF-fired power plants with higher efficiency, and the increasing use of RDF in district heating systems. These trends are shaping the future of the RDF market and driving innovation.

    What are the environmental benefits of using Refuse Derived Fuel?

    Using Refuse Derived Fuel offers several environmental benefits. RDF reduces the amount of waste going to landfills, conserving valuable land resources. It also lowers greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional fossil fuels, contributing to climate change mitigation. Additionally, RDF production promotes recycling and waste reduction, supporting a circular economy approach.

    What are the government regulations impacting the Refuse Derived Fuel Market?

    Government regulations play a significant role in shaping the Refuse Derived Fuel Market. Many countries have implemented policies and incentives to promote the use of RDF and reduce waste generation. These regulations include landfill bans, waste diversion targets, and financial support for RDF projects. Government initiatives are crucial for driving market growth and ensuring the sustainable management of waste.

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