• Cat-intel
  • MedIntelliX
  • Resources
  • About Us
  • Request Free Sample ×

    Kindly complete the form below to receive a free sample of this Report

    Leading companies partner with us for data-driven Insights

    clients tt-cursor
    Hero Background

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market

    ID: MRFR/AGR/34737-HCR
    100 Pages
    Snehal Singh
    October 2025

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Research Report By Application (Poultry, Swine, Cattle, Aquaculture, Pet Food), By Type (Herbs, Spices, Essential Oils, Plant Extracts), By Form (Powder, Liquid, Granules), By Distribution Channel (Online, Offline, Direct Sales) and By Regional (North America, Europe, South America, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa) - Forecast to 2035.

    Share:
    Download PDF ×

    We do not share your information with anyone. However, we may send you emails based on your report interest from time to time. You may contact us at any time to opt-out.

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Infographic
    Purchase Options

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Summary

    As per MRFR analysis, the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Size was estimated at 2.564 USD Billion in 2024. The Phytogenic Feed Additive industry is projected to grow from 2.804 USD Billion in 2025 to 6.861 USD Billion by 2035, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.36 during the forecast period 2025 - 2035.

    Key Market Trends & Highlights

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is experiencing robust growth driven by a shift towards natural ingredients and technological advancements.

    • The demand for natural ingredients in animal feed is rising, particularly in North America, which remains the largest market.
    • Technological advancements in extraction methods are enhancing the efficacy of phytogenic additives, especially in the Asia-Pacific region.
    • The poultry segment continues to dominate the market, while the aquaculture segment is emerging as the fastest-growing area.
    • Increasing consumer awareness of animal welfare and regulatory support for natural feed additives are key drivers propelling market expansion.

    Market Size & Forecast

    2024 Market Size 2.564 (USD Billion)
    2035 Market Size 6.861 (USD Billion)
    CAGR (2025 - 2035) 9.36%

    Major Players

    BASF SE (DE), Cargill, Incorporated (US), Kemin Industries, Inc. (US), Nutreco N.V. (NL), Alltech, Inc. (US), Phytobiotics Futterzusatzstoffe GmbH (DE), Delacon Biotechnik GmbH (AT), Pancosma SA (CH), Biomin Holding GmbH (AT)

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Trends

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is currently experiencing a notable transformation, driven by increasing awareness regarding animal health and the demand for natural alternatives to synthetic additives. This shift is largely influenced by consumer preferences for organic and sustainable products, which has prompted livestock producers to seek out phytogenic solutions that enhance feed efficiency and overall animal performance. Furthermore, regulatory bodies are increasingly endorsing the use of plant-based additives, which may further bolster market growth. As a result, the industry is witnessing a surge in research and development activities aimed at discovering new phytogenic compounds that can be utilized in animal nutrition. In addition to the growing emphasis on health and sustainability, the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is also benefiting from advancements in extraction and formulation technologies. These innovations enable the efficient extraction of bioactive compounds from plants, ensuring that the additives retain their efficacy and potency. Moreover, the rising trend of integrating phytogenic additives into aquaculture and pet food sectors indicates a diversification of applications, which could potentially expand market reach. Overall, the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market appears poised for continued growth as stakeholders adapt to evolving consumer demands and regulatory landscapes.

    Rising Demand for Natural Ingredients

    There is an increasing preference among consumers for natural and organic products, which is influencing livestock producers to adopt phytogenic feed additives. This trend reflects a broader movement towards sustainability and health consciousness in food production.

    Technological Advancements in Extraction Methods

    Innovations in extraction and formulation technologies are enhancing the efficiency of phytogenic feed additives. These advancements ensure that bioactive compounds are effectively extracted, maintaining their beneficial properties for animal nutrition.

    Expansion into Diverse Animal Sectors

    The application of phytogenic feed additives is broadening beyond traditional livestock to include aquaculture and pet food. This diversification suggests a growing recognition of the benefits of plant-based additives across various animal husbandry practices.

    The increasing emphasis on sustainable livestock production and the rising consumer demand for natural feed alternatives are driving the adoption of phytogenic feed additives in the global market.

    U.S. Department of Agriculture

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Drivers

    Growth in the Aquaculture Sector

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is poised for growth, particularly due to the expansion of the aquaculture sector. As the global demand for seafood continues to rise, aquaculture operations are increasingly adopting phytogenic feed additives to enhance fish health and growth. These natural additives are recognized for their ability to improve feed efficiency and reduce disease incidence in aquatic species. Market projections indicate that the aquaculture segment could account for a significant share of the phytogenic feed additive market, potentially reaching a valuation of several billion dollars in the near future. This growth reflects the industry's shift towards more sustainable practices, where phytogenic solutions play a crucial role in meeting the nutritional needs of farmed fish.

    Regulatory Support for Natural Feed Additives

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market benefits from increasing regulatory support for natural feed additives. Governments and regulatory bodies are progressively recognizing the advantages of phytogenic substances in animal nutrition. This support is evident in the formulation of guidelines that encourage the use of natural ingredients over synthetic alternatives. As regulations evolve, the market for phytogenic feed additives is likely to see accelerated growth. For instance, certain regions have reported a rise in the approval of phytogenic products, which could lead to a market expansion valued at over a billion dollars in the coming years. This regulatory environment fosters innovation and encourages manufacturers to invest in research and development, further propelling the industry forward.

    Increasing Consumer Awareness of Animal Welfare

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is experiencing a notable shift as consumers become increasingly aware of animal welfare issues. This heightened awareness drives demand for feed additives that promote health and well-being in livestock. As consumers seek transparency in food production, producers are compelled to adopt practices that align with these values. Consequently, the market for phytogenic feed additives, which are perceived as more humane and natural, is likely to expand. Reports indicate that the market could reach a valuation of several billion dollars by the end of the decade, reflecting the growing preference for sustainable and ethical farming practices. This trend suggests that companies focusing on animal welfare through phytogenic solutions may gain a competitive edge in the market.

    Rising Demand for Sustainable Livestock Production

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is significantly influenced by the rising demand for sustainable livestock production. As environmental concerns escalate, producers are increasingly seeking alternatives to conventional feed additives that may have adverse ecological impacts. Phytogenic feed additives, derived from natural plant sources, offer a sustainable solution that aligns with the principles of eco-friendly farming. Market analysis suggests that the demand for these additives could grow substantially, potentially reaching a market size of several billion dollars by the end of the decade. This trend indicates a shift towards more responsible farming practices, where phytogenic solutions are favored for their minimal environmental footprint and health benefits for livestock.

    Technological Innovations in Phytogenic Extraction

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is witnessing a surge in technological innovations related to the extraction of phytogenic compounds. Advances in extraction methods, such as supercritical fluid extraction and cold pressing, enhance the efficiency and efficacy of phytogenic feed additives. These innovations not only improve the quality of the additives but also reduce production costs, making them more accessible to livestock producers. As a result, the market is likely to experience significant growth, with estimates suggesting a potential market size of several billion dollars in the coming years. This technological progress indicates a promising future for the phytogenic feed additive industry, as it aligns with the increasing demand for high-quality, natural feed solutions.

    Market Segment Insights

    By Application: Poultry (Largest) vs. Aquaculture (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market, the application segments exhibit a diverse distribution of market share, with poultry leading the segment as the largest contributor. This dominance is attributed to the rising demand for high-quality poultry products and the increasing awareness of animal health and nutrition. Following poultry, swine and cattle markets show significant participation, while aquaculture and pet food segments are gradually expanding their shares as consumer interest in sustainable aquaculture practices grows.

    Poultry (Dominant) vs. Aquaculture (Emerging)

    Poultry applications remain dominant in the phytogenic feed additive market, mainly due to their high feed conversion rates and the increasing inclination toward natural feed alternatives in poultry farming. Hence, poultry producers are actively adopting phytogenic feed solutions to enhance animal health, growth performance, and overall productivity. Conversely, aquaculture is emerging as a vibrant segment, fueled by the rising global fish consumption and a shift towards sustainable farming practices. Aquaculture producers are increasingly integrating phytogenic additives to improve feed efficiency and promote fish health, making it a promising and rapidly growing area within the market.

    By Type: Herbs (Largest) vs. Essential Oils (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market, the type segment is primarily composed of Herbs, Spices, Essential Oils, and Plant Extracts, with Herbs leading the market share. Herbs are favored for their natural properties and proven effectiveness in improving the overall health of livestock. On the other hand, Essential Oils, while currently smaller in market share, are witnessing significant growth due to their increasing application in enhancing flavor, aroma, and health benefits for animals. The growing awareness about the benefits of natural additives is driving this segment's evolution.

    Herbs (Dominant) vs. Essential Oils (Emerging)

    Herbs occupy a dominant position in the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market due to their longstanding use and acceptance in livestock nutrition. They are known for their health-promoting properties, making them a preferred choice among livestock producers. Essential Oils, however, are emerging as a popular alternative. They are gaining traction due to their concentrated nature and effectiveness in improving digestion and overall animal health. The increasing demand for organic and natural feed additives drives the growth of essential oils as they align with consumer preferences for sustainability and health. These two segments exhibit distinct characteristics; while Herbs are well-established, Essential Oils represent innovative and fast-evolving solutions in the market.

    By Form: Powder (Largest) vs. Liquid (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market, the 'Form' segment showcases a diverse range of products, with powders making up the largest portion of the market share. Powders are favored due to their ease of use and compatibility with various feed formulations, providing a significant advantage in production practices. In contrast, liquid phytogenic feed additives are gaining traction, particularly for their ease of application and faster absorption rates, appealing to modern animal husbandry operations. The growth trends within this segment indicate a significant shift towards more versatile and accessible solutions for livestock nutrition. Liquid additives are observed to be the fastest-growing due to the increasing preference among livestock producers for liquid formulations that enhance nutrient absorption, leading to better feed efficiency and overall animal health. This rise reflects a broader trend towards innovation and improved feeding practices in the industry.

    Powder (Dominant) vs. Liquid (Emerging)

    Powdered phytogenic feed additives have established themselves as the dominant form in the market, known for their stability, longer shelf life, and ease of incorporation into diverse feed matrices. They provide a concentrated source of bioactive compounds, making them appealing for producers aiming for efficient livestock management. On the other hand, liquid phytogenic feed additives, as an emerging alternative, are carving out a niche due to their enhanced bioavailability and convenience. These liquid forms are particularly valued for their capability to blend seamlessly into feeding systems, making them a preferred choice for modern agricultural practices. The shift towards liquid forms underscores a transformative approach within the industry, driven by demands for better performance and health outcomes in animal production.

    By Distribution Channel: Online (Largest) vs. Offline (Fastest-Growing)

    In the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market, the distribution channel landscape reveals a significant shift towards online platforms, which have secured the largest market share. This growth is driven by the increasing accessibility of digital resources and a growing preference for online shopping among consumers. Conversely, offline channels continue to hold a strong position, benefiting from established networks and customer relationships. Yet, they face growing competition from the convenience and efficiency offered by online options. As the market evolves, growth trends indicate a notable rise in online distribution, driven by technological advancements and a greater emphasis on direct-to-consumer sales strategies. The offline segment, while still robust, is adapting to an increasingly interconnected retail environment. Over the next few years, the online channel is expected to witness rapid expansion as consumer preferences lean towards a more flexible purchasing approach, resulting in significant shifts in market dynamics.

    Online (Dominant) vs. Direct Sales (Emerging)

    The online distribution channel is currently a dominant player in the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market, characterized by its extensive reach and high consumer engagement. This segment thrives on the accessibility and convenience it provides, allowing clients to quickly explore products and make informed purchasing decisions. Conversely, direct sales, though termed as emerging, signify a growing trend towards personal interaction and tailored customer service. This channel is gaining traction as manufacturers and distributors tap into niche markets and build strong relationships with clients. While online platforms are favored for their efficiency, direct sales are increasingly seen as vital for establishing trust and loyalty among consumers, completing the picture of a multifaceted distribution ecosystem.

    Get more detailed insights about Phytogenic Feed Additive Market

    Regional Insights

    North America : Innovation and Sustainability Focus

    North America is the largest market for phytogenic feed additives, holding approximately 40% of the global market share. The region's growth is driven by increasing consumer demand for natural and organic products, alongside stringent regulations promoting sustainable agricultural practices. The U.S. and Canada are the primary contributors, with a growing emphasis on animal welfare and health, further propelling market demand. The competitive landscape in North America is characterized by the presence of major players such as Cargill, Kemin Industries, and Alltech. These companies are investing in research and development to innovate their product offerings. The market is also witnessing collaborations and partnerships aimed at enhancing product efficacy and expanding distribution channels, ensuring a robust supply chain for phytogenic additives.

    Europe : Regulatory-Driven Market Growth

    Europe is the second-largest market for phytogenic feed additives, accounting for approximately 30% of the global market share. The region's growth is significantly influenced by regulatory frameworks that favor natural feed additives over synthetic alternatives. The European Union's stringent regulations on animal feed safety and quality are key drivers, fostering innovation and adoption of phytogenic solutions across member states. Leading countries in Europe include Germany, France, and the Netherlands, where companies like BASF and Nutreco are prominent. The competitive landscape is marked by a focus on sustainability and health benefits, with firms investing in R&D to meet consumer demands for organic and natural products. The presence of established players and a supportive regulatory environment positions Europe as a hub for phytogenic feed additive innovation.

    Asia-Pacific : Rapid Growth and Adoption

    Asia-Pacific is witnessing rapid growth in the phytogenic feed additive market, holding approximately 20% of the global market share. The increasing demand for livestock products, coupled with rising awareness of animal health and nutrition, is driving market expansion. Countries like China and India are leading this growth, supported by government initiatives promoting sustainable farming practices and the use of natural additives in animal feed. The competitive landscape in Asia-Pacific is evolving, with both local and international players vying for market share. Companies such as Kemin Industries and Alltech are expanding their presence in the region, focusing on product innovation and strategic partnerships. The growing livestock sector and increasing investments in research and development are expected to further boost the adoption of phytogenic feed additives in this region.

    Middle East and Africa : Untapped Potential and Growth

    The Middle East and Africa region is gradually emerging as a significant market for phytogenic feed additives, currently holding about 10% of the global market share. The growth is driven by increasing livestock production and a rising awareness of the benefits of natural feed additives. Countries like South Africa and the UAE are at the forefront, with governments promoting sustainable agricultural practices to enhance food security and animal health. The competitive landscape is characterized by a mix of local and international players, with companies exploring opportunities to expand their market presence. The region's unique climatic conditions and diverse agricultural practices present both challenges and opportunities for phytogenic feed additives. As the market matures, investments in research and development will be crucial for driving innovation and meeting the specific needs of local farmers.

    Key Players and Competitive Insights

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is currently characterized by a dynamic competitive landscape, driven by increasing demand for natural feed alternatives and a growing emphasis on animal health and sustainability. Key players such as BASF SE (DE), Cargill, Incorporated (US), and Kemin Industries, Inc. (US) are strategically positioned to leverage innovation and regional expansion to enhance their market presence. These companies are focusing on developing advanced phytogenic solutions that not only improve feed efficiency but also promote animal welfare, thereby shaping a competitive environment that prioritizes quality and efficacy over traditional feed additives.

    In terms of business tactics, companies are increasingly localizing manufacturing to reduce costs and enhance supply chain efficiency. The market appears moderately fragmented, with several players vying for market share, yet the collective influence of major companies like Nutreco N.V. (NL) and Alltech, Inc. (US) is significant. Their strategies often involve optimizing supply chains and forming strategic partnerships, which collectively enhance their competitive positioning and market reach.

    In August 2025, BASF SE (DE) announced the launch of a new line of phytogenic feed additives aimed at improving gut health in livestock. This strategic move is likely to bolster their product portfolio and cater to the rising consumer demand for natural and effective feed solutions. By focusing on gut health, BASF SE not only addresses a critical aspect of animal nutrition but also positions itself as a leader in innovation within the market.

    In September 2025, Cargill, Incorporated (US) expanded its partnership with local farmers in Brazil to enhance the distribution of its phytogenic feed additives. This initiative underscores Cargill's commitment to regional expansion and local sourcing, which may improve its supply chain resilience and foster stronger relationships with stakeholders. Such localized strategies could potentially enhance Cargill's market penetration in emerging economies, where demand for sustainable feed solutions is on the rise.

    In July 2025, Kemin Industries, Inc. (US) unveiled a new research facility dedicated to the development of phytogenic feed additives. This investment in research and development signifies Kemin's focus on innovation and its intent to stay ahead of market trends. By fostering a culture of innovation, Kemin is likely to enhance its competitive edge and respond more effectively to evolving consumer preferences.

    As of October 2025, the competitive trends in the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market are increasingly defined by digitalization, sustainability, and the integration of artificial intelligence in product development. Strategic alliances among key players are shaping the landscape, facilitating knowledge sharing and resource optimization. Looking ahead, it appears that competitive differentiation will increasingly pivot from price-based strategies to a focus on innovation, technological advancements, and supply chain reliability, reflecting a broader shift in market dynamics.

    Key Companies in the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market market include

    Industry Developments

    • Q2 2024: Delacon appoints new CEO to drive next phase of phytogenic feed additive innovation Delacon, a leading phytogenic feed additive company, announced the appointment of a new Chief Executive Officer to accelerate its innovation and global expansion strategy in the animal nutrition sector.
    • Q1 2024: Cargill launches new phytogenic feed additive for poultry health Cargill introduced a new phytogenic feed additive designed to improve gut health and performance in poultry, expanding its portfolio of natural animal nutrition solutions.
    • Q2 2024: Alltech opens new research facility focused on phytogenic feed additives Alltech inaugurated a state-of-the-art research facility dedicated to the development and testing of phytogenic feed additives, aiming to advance sustainable animal nutrition.
    • Q3 2024: DSM-Firmenich and Evonik announce strategic partnership to develop next-generation phytogenic feed solutions DSM-Firmenich and Evonik entered a strategic partnership to co-develop innovative phytogenic feed additives targeting improved animal health and reduced antibiotic use.
    • Q2 2024: Nutreco acquires minority stake in phytogenic feed additive startup Nutreco announced the acquisition of a minority stake in a startup specializing in phytogenic feed additives, aiming to strengthen its innovation pipeline in natural animal nutrition.
    • Q1 2025: Kemin Industries receives regulatory approval for new phytogenic feed additive in the EU Kemin Industries secured European Union regulatory approval for its latest phytogenic feed additive, enabling commercial sales across EU member states.
    • Q2 2025: Adisseo launches plant-based feed additive for swine market Adisseo introduced a new plant-based phytogenic feed additive specifically formulated for swine, expanding its product offerings in the animal nutrition sector.
    • Q1 2024: Evonik opens new production facility for phytogenic feed additives in Asia Evonik Industries opened a new manufacturing facility in Asia dedicated to the production of phytogenic feed additives, aiming to meet growing regional demand.
    • Q3 2024: ADM announces partnership with local distributor to expand phytogenic feed additive reach in Latin America ADM formed a partnership with a major Latin American distributor to increase the availability and adoption of its phytogenic feed additives in the region.
    • Q2 2025: Alltech secures major contract to supply phytogenic feed additives to leading poultry producer Alltech signed a significant supply contract with a top poultry producer for its phytogenic feed additives, marking a major commercial milestone.
    • Q1 2025: Natural Remedies raises Series B funding to scale phytogenic feed additive production Natural Remedies completed a Series B funding round to expand its manufacturing capacity and accelerate the commercialization of its phytogenic feed additive products.
    • Q2 2024: DuPont (IFF) launches new essential oil-based feed additive for ruminants DuPont (IFF) introduced a new essential oil-based phytogenic feed additive targeting improved digestion and performance in ruminant animals.

    Future Outlook

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Future Outlook

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is poised for growth at a 9.36% CAGR from 2024 to 2035, driven by increasing demand for natural feed alternatives and sustainable livestock practices.

    New opportunities lie in:

    • Development of customized phytogenic blends for specific livestock needs.
    • Expansion into emerging markets with tailored marketing strategies.
    • Investment in R&D for innovative extraction methods to enhance efficacy.

    By 2035, the market is expected to solidify its position as a leader in sustainable feed solutions.

    Market Segmentation

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Form Outlook

    • Powder
    • Liquid
    • Granules

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Type Outlook

    • Herbs
    • Spices
    • Essential Oils
    • Plant Extracts

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Application Outlook

    • Poultry
    • Swine
    • Cattle
    • Aquaculture
    • Pet Food

    Phytogenic Feed Additive Market Distribution Channel Outlook

    • Online
    • Offline
    • Direct Sales

    Report Scope

    MARKET SIZE 20242.564(USD Billion)
    MARKET SIZE 20252.804(USD Billion)
    MARKET SIZE 20356.861(USD Billion)
    COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (CAGR)9.36% (2024 - 2035)
    REPORT COVERAGERevenue Forecast, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, and Trends
    BASE YEAR2024
    Market Forecast Period2025 - 2035
    Historical Data2019 - 2024
    Market Forecast UnitsUSD Billion
    Key Companies ProfiledMarket analysis in progress
    Segments CoveredMarket segmentation analysis in progress
    Key Market OpportunitiesGrowing demand for natural alternatives in livestock nutrition drives innovation in the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market.
    Key Market DynamicsRising demand for natural alternatives drives innovation and competition in the phytogenic feed additive market.
    Countries CoveredNorth America, Europe, APAC, South America, MEA

    Leave a Comment

    FAQs

    What is the projected market valuation of the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market by 2035?

    The Phytogenic Feed Additive Market is projected to reach a valuation of 6.861 USD Billion by 2035.

    What was the market valuation of the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market in 2024?

    In 2024, the market valuation of the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market was 2.564 USD Billion.

    What is the expected CAGR for the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market during the forecast period 2025 - 2035?

    The expected CAGR for the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market during the forecast period 2025 - 2035 is 9.36%.

    Which application segment is projected to have the highest valuation by 2035?

    The Poultry application segment is projected to reach a valuation of 1.8 USD Billion by 2035.

    How does the valuation of the Swine segment change from 2024 to 2035?

    The Swine segment is expected to grow from 0.6 USD Billion in 2024 to 1.2 USD Billion by 2035.

    What are the projected valuations for the different types of phytogenic feed additives by 2035?

    By 2035, Herbs, Spices, Essential Oils, and Plant Extracts are projected to reach valuations of 1.8, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.061 USD Billion respectively.

    Which form of phytogenic feed additive is expected to dominate the market by 2035?

    The Powder form is anticipated to dominate the market, with a projected valuation of 2.2 USD Billion by 2035.

    What distribution channel is expected to generate the highest revenue by 2035?

    The Offline distribution channel is expected to generate the highest revenue, projected at 3.099 USD Billion by 2035.

    Who are the key players in the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market?

    Key players in the market include BASF SE, Cargill, Incorporated, Kemin Industries, Inc., and Alltech, Inc.

    What trends are influencing the growth of the Phytogenic Feed Additive Market?

    Trends such as increasing demand for natural feed additives and rising awareness of animal health are influencing the market's growth.

    Download Free Sample

    Kindly complete the form below to receive a free sample of this Report

    Case Study
    Chemicals and Materials

    Compare Licence

    ×
    Features License Type
    Single User Multiuser License Enterprise User
    Price $4,950 $5,950 $7,250
    Maximum User Access Limit 1 User Upto 10 Users Unrestricted Access Throughout the Organization
    Free Customization
    Direct Access to Analyst
    Deliverable Format
    Platform Access
    Discount on Next Purchase 10% 15% 15%
    Printable Versions