Mastitis is when a woman's breast tissue becomes swollen or inflamed, usually due to an infection in the breast ducts. This often happens to women who are breastfeeding. As more women become pregnant and choose to breastfeed, the mastitis market is growing. For example, in the European Union, around 5.1 million babies were born in 2016, according to Eurostat. In the United States, there were over 3,853,472 reported births in 2017, as stated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. New Zealand also saw a significant number of births, with over 59,193 women giving birth and 59,494 babies born in 2015, according to the Ministry of Health. Since mastitis is more common in breastfeeding women, the increasing number of births contributes to the growth of the mastitis market. Bovine mastitis is a similar condition but occurs in cows. It happens when infectious microbes invade the udder tissue, usually due to contagious or environmental pathogens. Factors like contaminated milking instruments, improperly cleaned milking units, dirty water used for udder cleaning, and unclean bedding contribute to bovine mastitis. The National Center for Biotechnology Information reported a high prevalence of mastitis in cows, with a herd-level prevalence of 74.7% and a cow-level prevalence of 62.6% in 2015. This widespread occurrence causes significant losses to the dairy industry, with the United States alone losing over USD 2 billion annually. The lack of routine mastitis prevention and control practices by herd owners contributes to these losses. To address this, there's a need for increased awareness among dairy farmers about hygienic milking practices, regular screening for sub-clinical mastitis, implementing dry cow therapy, and culling chronically infected cows. Understanding the factors leading to mastitis in both women and cows is crucial for developing effective solutions. As more women choose breastfeeding and the dairy industry continues to thrive, the mastitis market is expected to grow. This growth emphasizes the importance of implementing preventive measures and maintaining proper hygiene in both healthcare and farming practices to address the challenges associated with mastitis.Covered Aspects: