TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 20
2 MARKET INTRODUCTION 22
2.1 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 22
2.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE 22
2.3 MARKET STRUCTURE 22
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 23
3.1 RESEARCH PROCESS 23
3.2 PRIMARY RESEARCH 24
3.3 SECONDARY RESEARCH 25
3.4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 25
3.5 TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 26
3.6 FORECAST MODEL 27
3.7 LIST OF ASSUMPTIONS& LIMITATIONS 28
4 MARKET DYNAMICS 29
4.1 INTRODUCTION 29
4.2 DRIVERS 30
4.2.1 DEMAND FOR STAINLESS STEEL FOR AUTOMOTIVE MANUFACTURING 30
4.2.2 INCREASING SALES OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES 30
4.2.3 DRIVERS IMPACT ANALYSIS 31
4.3 RESTRAINTS 31
4.3.1 HIGH CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS 31
4.4 OPPORTUNITIES 32
4.4.1 BATTERY-POWERED TRAINS 32
4.5 CHALLENGES 32
4.5.1 UNDERDEVELOPED AFTERMARKET SERVICES 32
4.5.2 VOLATILE RAW MATERIAL PRICES 33
4.6 COVID-19 IMPACT ANALYSIS 33
4.6.1 ECONOMIC IMPACT ON AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY 33
4.6.2 IMPACT ON AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTION 33
4.6.2.1 FORD 34
4.6.2.2 AMERICAN HONDA 34
4.6.2.3 FCA 34
4.6.2.4 KIA 34
4.6.2.5 VOLKSWAGEN 34
4.6.3 ECONOMIC IMPACT ON THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 35
4.6.3.1 ECONOMIC IMPACT 35
4.6.3.2 IMPACT ON SUPPLY CHAIN 35
4.6.3.3 IMPACT ON RAW MATERIALS 35
4.6.3.4 CASH FLOW CONSTRAINTS 36
4.6.3.5 IMPACT ON IMPORT/EXPORT 36
4.6.4 IMPACT ON WORLD TRADE 36
4.7 APPLICATION OF AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS IN EV INDUSTRY 36
4.7.1 APPLICATION OF AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS IN EV INFRASTRUCTURE 37
4.7.2 APPLICATION OF AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS IN EV COMPONENTS 37
5 MARKET FACTOR ANALYSIS 38
5.1 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS: GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET 38
5.1.1 DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT 39
5.1.2 RAW MATERIAL & COMPONENT SUPPLY 39
5.1.3 MANUFACTURING & ASSEMBLY 39
5.1.4 SUPPLY & DISTRIBUTION 39
5.2 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES MODEL 40
5.2.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 40
5.2.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 41
5.2.3 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES 41
5.2.4 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 41
5.2.5 INTENSITY OF RIVALRY 41
5.3 TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS 42
5.3.1 USE OF ALLOYS 42
5.3.2 DIFFERENT DESIGNS AND TYPES 42
5.4 PATENT TRENDS 43
5.5 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE/STANDARDS 44
6 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE 45
6.1 OVERVIEW 45
6.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 46
6.3 THREADED 46
6.4 NON-THREADED 46
7 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION 47
7.1 OVERVIEW 47
7.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 48
7.3 STEEL 49
7.4 ALUMINUM 49
7.5 BRASS 49
7.6 NICKEL 49
7.7 PLASTIC 49
7.8 COPPER 49
8 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL 50
8.1 OVERVIEW 50
8.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 51
8.3 OEM 51
8.4 AFTERMARKET 52
9 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION 53
9.1 OVERVIEW 53
9.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 54
9.3 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (ICE) 55
9.4 ELECTRIC 55
10 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE 56
10.1 OVERVIEW 56
10.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 57
10.3 REMOVABLE 57
10.4 SEMI-PERMANENT 58
10.5 PERMANENT 58
11 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY REGION 59
11.1 OVERVIEW 59
11.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY REGION, 2018–2026 59
11.3 NORTH AMERICA 61
11.3.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2026 61
11.3.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 63
11.3.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 64
11.3.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 65
11.3.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 66
11.3.6 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 67
11.3.7 US 68
11.3.7.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 68
11.3.7.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 68
11.3.7.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 69
11.3.7.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 69
11.3.7.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 69
11.3.8 CANADA 70
11.3.8.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 70
11.3.8.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 70
11.3.8.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 71
11.3.8.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 71
11.3.8.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 71
11.3.9 MEXICO 72
11.3.9.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 72
11.3.9.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 72
11.3.9.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 73
11.3.9.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 73
11.3.9.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 73
11.4 EUROPE 74
11.4.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2026 74
11.4.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 76
11.4.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 77
11.4.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 78
11.4.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 79
11.4.6 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 80
11.4.7 UK 81
11.4.7.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 81
11.4.7.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 81
11.4.7.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 82
11.4.7.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 82
11.4.7.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 82
11.4.8 GERMANY 83
11.4.8.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 83
11.4.8.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 83
11.4.8.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 84
11.4.8.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 84
11.4.8.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 84
11.4.9 FRANCE 85
11.4.9.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 85
11.4.9.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 85
11.4.9.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 86
11.4.9.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 86
11.4.9.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 86
11.4.10 ITALY 87
11.4.10.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 87
11.4.10.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 87
11.4.10.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 88
11.4.10.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 88
11.4.10.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 88
11.4.11 REST OF EUROPE 89
11.4.11.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 89
11.4.11.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 89
11.4.11.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 90
11.4.11.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 90
11.4.11.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 90
11.5 ASIA-PACIFIC 91
11.5.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2026 91
11.5.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 93
11.5.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 94
11.5.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 95
11.5.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 96
11.5.6 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 97
11.5.7 CHINA 98
11.5.7.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 98
11.5.7.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 98
11.5.7.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 99
11.5.7.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 99
11.5.7.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 99
11.5.8 JAPAN 100
11.5.8.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 100
11.5.8.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 100
11.5.8.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 101
11.5.8.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 101
11.5.8.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 101
11.5.9 INDIA 102
11.5.9.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 102
11.5.9.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 102
11.5.9.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 103
11.5.9.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 103
11.5.9.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 103
11.5.10 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC 104
11.5.10.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 104
11.5.10.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 104
11.5.10.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 105
11.5.10.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 105
11.5.10.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 105
11.6 REST OF THE WORLD 106
11.6.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY REGION, 2018–2026 106
11.6.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 107
11.6.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 108
11.6.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 109
11.6.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 110
11.6.6 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 111
11.6.7 SOUTH AMERICA 112
11.6.7.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 112
11.6.7.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 112
11.6.7.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 113
11.6.7.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 113
11.6.7.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 113
11.6.8 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 114
11.6.8.1 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 114
11.6.8.2 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 114
11.6.8.3 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 115
11.6.8.4 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 115
11.6.8.5 MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECAST, BY END USE, 2018–2026 115
12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 116
12.1 OVERVIEW 116
12.2 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING 117
12.3 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS 118
12.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS IN THE GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE TIRE MARKET 118
12.4.1 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS 118
12.4.2 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: CONTRACTS & AGREEMENTS 119
12.4.3 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: PARTNERSHIPS/COLLABORATION 119
12.4.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: EXPANSIONS 120
12.4.5 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS/LAUNCHES 121
13 COMPANY PROFILES 122
13.1 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC. 122
13.1.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 122
13.1.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 123
13.1.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 123
13.1.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 124
13.1.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 124
13.1.6 KEY STRATEGIES 124
13.2 BULTEN AB 125
13.2.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 125
13.2.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 126
13.2.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 127
13.2.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 127
13.2.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 128
13.2.6 KEY STRATEGIES 128
13.3 PHILLIPS SCREW COMPANY 129
13.3.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 129
13.3.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 130
13.3.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 130
13.3.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 131
13.3.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 131
13.3.6 KEY STRATEGIES 131
13.4 PERMANENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 132
13.4.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 132
13.4.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 132
13.4.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 132
13.4.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 132
13.4.5 KEY STRATEGIES 132
13.5 SUNDRAM FASTENERS LIMITED 133
13.5.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 133
13.5.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 133
13.5.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 134
13.5.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 134
13.5.5 KEY STRATEGIES 134
13.6 STANLEY BLACK & DECKER, INC. 135
13.6.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 135
13.6.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 136
13.6.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 137
13.6.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 139
13.6.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 139
13.6.6 KEY STRATEGIES 140
13.7 KAMAX GROUP 141
13.7.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 141
13.7.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 141
13.7.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 142
13.7.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 142
13.7.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 143
13.7.6 KEY STRATEGIES 143
13.8 MEIDOH CO., LTD 144
13.8.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 144
13.8.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 144
13.8.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 144
13.8.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 144
13.9 NIPMAN FASTENER 145
13.9.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 145
13.9.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 145
13.9.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 145
13.9.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 146
13.9.5 KEY STRATEGIES 146
13.10 PIOLAX INC. 147
13.10.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 147
13.10.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 147
13.10.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 148
13.10.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 148
13.10.5 KEY STRATEGIES 148
13.11 NORM CIVATA 149
13.11.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 149
13.11.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 149
13.11.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 149
13.11.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 150
13.11.5 KEY STRATEGIES 150
13.12 A.AGRATI S.P.A. 151
13.12.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 151
13.12.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 151
13.12.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 151
13.12.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 152
13.12.5 KEY STRATEGIES 152
13.13 LISI AUTOMOTIVE 153
13.13.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 153
13.13.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 153
13.13.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 154
13.13.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 155
13.13.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 155
13.13.6 KEY STRATEGIES 156
13.14 BRUGOLA OEB INDUSTRIALE S.P.A. 157
13.14.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 157
13.14.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 157
13.14.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 157
13.14.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 157
13.14.5 KEY STRATEGIES 158
13.15 FONTANA 159
13.15.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 159
13.15.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 159
13.15.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 159
13.15.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 160
13.15.5 KEY STRATEGIES 160
13.16 KONINKLIJKE NEDSCHROEF 161
13.16.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 161
13.16.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 161
13.16.3 PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 161
13.16.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS 162
13.16.5 KEY STRATEGIES 163
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1 MARKET SYNOPSIS 21
TABLE 2 LIST OF ASSUMPTIONS 28
TABLE 3 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 46
TABLE 4 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 48
TABLE 5 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 51
TABLE 6 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 54
TABLE 7 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 57
TABLE 8 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 60
TABLE 9 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 62
TABLE 10 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 63
TABLE 11 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 64
TABLE 12 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 65
TABLE 13 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 66
TABLE 14 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 67
TABLE 15 US: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 68
TABLE 16 US: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 68
TABLE 17 US: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 69
TABLE 18 US: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 69
TABLE 19 US: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 69
TABLE 20 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 70
TABLE 21 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 70
TABLE 22 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 71
TABLE 23 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 71
TABLE 24 CANADA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 71
TABLE 25 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 72
TABLE 26 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 72
TABLE 27 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 73
TABLE 28 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 73
TABLE 29 MEXICO: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 73
TABLE 30 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 75
TABLE 31 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 76
TABLE 32 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 77
TABLE 33 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 78
TABLE 34 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 79
TABLE 35 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 80
TABLE 36 UK: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 81
TABLE 37 UK: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 81
TABLE 38 UK: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 82
TABLE 39 UK: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 82
TABLE 40 UK: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 82
TABLE 41 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 83
TABLE 42 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 83
TABLE 43 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 84
TABLE 44 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 84
TABLE 45 GERMANY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 84
TABLE 46 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 85
TABLE 47 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 85
TABLE 48 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 86
TABLE 49 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 86
TABLE 50 FRANCE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 86
TABLE 51 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 87
TABLE 52 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 87
TABLE 53 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 54 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 55 ITALY: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 56 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 89
TABLE 57 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 89
TABLE 58 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 90
TABLE 59 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 90
TABLE 60 REST OF EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 90
TABLE 61 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 92
TABLE 62 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 93
TABLE 63 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 94
TABLE 64 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 95
TABLE 65 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 96
TABLE 66 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 97
TABLE 67 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 98
TABLE 68 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 98
TABLE 69 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 99
TABLE 70 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 99
TABLE 71 CHINA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 99
TABLE 72 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 100
TABLE 73 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 100
TABLE 74 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 101
TABLE 75 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 101
TABLE 76 JAPAN: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 101
TABLE 77 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 102
TABLE 78 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 102
TABLE 79 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 103
TABLE 80 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 103
TABLE 81 INDIA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 103
TABLE 82 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 104
TABLE 83 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 104
TABLE 84 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 105
TABLE 85 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 105
TABLE 86 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 105
TABLE 87 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 107
TABLE 88 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 107
TABLE 89 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 108
TABLE 90 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 109
TABLE 91 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 110
TABLE 92 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 111
TABLE 93 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 112
TABLE 94 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 112
TABLE 95 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 113
TABLE 96 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 113
TABLE 97 SOUTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 113
TABLE 98 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 114
TABLE 99 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 114
TABLE 100 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 115
TABLE 101 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 115
TABLE 102 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018–2026 (USD MILLION) 115
TABLE 103 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS 118
TABLE 104 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: CONTRACTS & AGREEMENTS 119
TABLE 105 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: PARTNERSHIPS/COLLABORATION 119
TABLE 106 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: EXPANSIONS 120
TABLE 107 KEY DEVELOPMENTS: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS/LAUNCHES 121
TABLE 108 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 123
TABLE 109 BULTEN AB: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 127
TABLE 110 BULTEN AB: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 127
TABLE 111 PHILLIPS SCREW COMPANY: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 130
TABLE 112 PHILLIPS SCREW COMPANY: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 131
TABLE 113 PERMANENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 132
TABLE 114 SUNDRAM FASTENERS LIMITED: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 134
TABLE 115 STANLEY BLACK & DECKER, INC.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 137
TABLE 116 STANLEY BLACK & DECKER, INC.: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 139
TABLE 117 KAMAX GROUP: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 142
TABLE 118 MEIDOH CO., LTD.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 144
TABLE 119 MEIDOH CO., LTD.: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 144
TABLE 120 NIPMAN FASTENER: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 145
TABLE 121 PIOLAX, INC.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 148
TABLE 122 NORM CIVATA: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 149
TABLE 123 NORM CIVATA: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 150
TABLE 124 A.AGRATI S.P.A.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 151
TABLE 125 A.AGRATI S.P.A.: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 152
TABLE 126 LISI AUTOMOTIVE: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 154
TABLE 127 LISI AUTOMOTIVE: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 155
TABLE 128 BRUGOLA OEB INDUSTRIALE S.P.A.: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 157
TABLE 129 FONTANA: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 159
TABLE 130 KONINKLIJKE NEDSCHROEF: PRODUCTS/SERVICES OFFERED 161
TABLE 131 KONINKLIJKE NEDSCHROEF: KEY DEVELOPMENTS 162
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1 GLOBALAUTOMOTIVE FASTENERSMARKETOVERVIEW, BY REGION, 2019 21
FIGURE 2 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET STRUCTURE 22
FIGURE 3 RESEARCH PROCESS OF MRFR 23
FIGURE 4 MARKET DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF THE GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET 29
FIGURE 5 DRIVERS IMPACT ANALYSIS: GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET 31
FIGURE 6 RESTRAINT IMPACT ANALYSIS: GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET 32
FIGURE 7 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS: GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET 38
FIGURE 8 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS: GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET 40
FIGURE 9 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2019 (% SHARE) 45
FIGURE 10 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2019 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 46
FIGURE 11 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019 (% SHARE) 47
FIGURE 12 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2019 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 48
FIGURE 13 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2019 (% SHARE) 50
FIGURE 14 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2019 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 51
FIGURE 15 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2019 (% SHARE) 53
FIGURE 16 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2019 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 54
FIGURE 17 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2019 (% SHARE) 56
FIGURE 18 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2019 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 57
FIGURE 19 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2019 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 59
FIGURE 20 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2019 (%) 60
FIGURE 21 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 61
FIGURE 22 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019 (%) 62
FIGURE 23 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 63
FIGURE 24 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 64
FIGURE 25 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 65
FIGURE 26 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 66
FIGURE 27 NORTH AMERICA: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 67
FIGURE 28 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 74
FIGURE 29 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019 (%) 75
FIGURE 30 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 76
FIGURE 31 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 77
FIGURE 32 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 78
FIGURE 33 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 79
FIGURE 34 EUROPE: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 80
FIGURE 35 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 91
FIGURE 36 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2019 (%) 92
FIGURE 37 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 93
FIGURE 38 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 94
FIGURE 39 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 95
FIGURE 40 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 96
FIGURE 41 ASIA-PACIFIC: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 97
FIGURE 42 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 106
FIGURE 43 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY REGION, 2019 (%) 106
FIGURE 44 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY TYPE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 107
FIGURE 45 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 108
FIGURE 46 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY SALES CHANNEL, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 109
FIGURE 47 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY PROPULSION, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 110
FIGURE 48 REST OF THE WORLD: AUTOMOTIVE FASTENERS MARKET, BY END USE, 2018 VS 2026 (USD MILLION) 111
FIGURE 49 BENCHMARKING OF MAJOR COMPETITORS 117
FIGURE 50 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE TIRE MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2019 118
FIGURE 51 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC.: FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 123
FIGURE 52 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC.: SWOT ANALYSIS 124
FIGURE 53 BULTEN AB: FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 126
FIGURE 54 BULTEN AB: SWOT ANALYSIS 128
FIGURE 55 PHILLIPS GLOBAL (PARENT COMPANY): FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 130
FIGURE 56 PHILLIPS SCREW COMPANY: SWOT ANALYSIS 131
FIGURE 57 SUNDRAM FASTENERS LIMITED: FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 133
FIGURE 58 STANLEY BLACK & DECKER, INC.: FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 136
FIGURE 59 STANLEY BLACK & DECKER, INC.: SWOT ANALYSIS 139
FIGURE 60 KAMAX GROUP: FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 141
FIGURE 61 KAMAX GROUP: SWOT ANALYSIS 143
FIGURE 62 PIOLAX INC.: FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 147
FIGURE 63 LISI AUTOMOTIVE: FINANCIAL OVERVIEW SNAPSHOT 153
FIGURE 64 LISI AUTOMOTIVE: SWOT ANALYSIS 155