1 Executive Summary
2 Market Introduction
2.1 Definition 16
2.2 Scope Of The Study 16
2.3 List Of Assumptions 17
2.4 Market Structure 17
3 Market Insights
4 Research Methodology
4.1 Research Process 22
4.2 Primary Research 23
4.3 Secondary Research 24
4.4 Market Size Estimation 24
4.5 Forecast Model 25
5 Market Dynamics
5.1 Introduction 27
5.2 Drivers 28
5.2.1 Need To Increase The Capacity, Coverage, And Minimization Of Capital And Operational Expenditure 28
5.2.2 Growing Demand For LTE Communication Technology, And Smartphone Users Leading To Virtualization Of EPC 28
5.2.3 Drivers Impact Analysis 29
5.3 Challenges 29
5.3.1 Disinclination For Telecom Vendors In The Transition From Traditional Infrastructure To Virtualized Infrastructure 29
5.4 Opportunities 30
5.4.1 Advancement In Technologies Such As 5G, IoT, And M2M 30
6 Market Factor Analysis
6.1 Value Chain Analysis 32
6.1.1 Porter’s Five Forces Model 32
6.1.2 Threat Of New Entrants 34
6.1.3 Bargaining Power Of Suppliers 34
6.1.4 Bargaining Power Of Buyers 34
6.1.5 Threat Of Substitutes 34
6.1.6 Intensity Of Rivalry 34
7 Global Virtualized Evolved Packet Core Market, By Component
7.1 Overview 36
7.1.1 Solution 36
7.1.1.1 Mobile Management Entity 36
7.1.1.2 Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 36
7.1.1.3 Serving Gateway (S-GW) 37
7.1.1.4 Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN-GW) 37
7.1.1.5 Policy And Changing Rules Functions (PCRF) 37
7.1.2 Services 38
7.1.2.1 Professional Services 38
7.1.2.2 Managed Services 38
8 Global Virtualized Evolved Packet Core Market, By Deployment
8.1 Overview 41
8.1.1 On-Premise 41
8.1.2 On-Cloud 41
9 Global Virtualized Evolved Packet Core Market, By Use Case
9.1 Overview 44
9.1.1 Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) 44
9.1.2 LTE & VoLTE 44
9.1.3 IoT & M2M 44
9.1.4 MNO & MVNO 44
10 Global Virtualized Evolved Packet Core Market, By End-User
10.1 Overview 47
10.1.1 Telecom Operator 47
10.1.2 Enterprises 47
11 Virtualized Evolved Packet Core Market, By Region
11.1 Introduction 50
11.2 North America 51
11.2.1 US 55
11.2.2 Canada 57
11.2.3 Mexico 58
11.3 Europe 60
11.3.1 Germany 64
11.3.2 UK 65
11.3.3 France 67
11.3.4 Rest Of Europe 68
11.4 Asia-Pacific 71
11.4.1 China 75
11.4.2 Japan 77
11.4.3 India 78
11.4.4 Rest Of Asia-Pacific 80
11.5 Rest Of The World 82
11.5.1 Middle East & Africa 86
11.5.2 Latin America 87
12 Competitive Landscape
12.1 Competitive Landscape 91
13 Company Profile
13.1 Nokia Corporation 94
13.1.1 Company Overview 94
13.1.2 Financial Performance 94
13.1.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 95
13.1.4 Key Developments 95
13.1.5 SWOT Analysis 95
13.1.6 Key Strategy 96
13.2 Cisco System Inc., 97
13.2.1 Company Overview 97
13.2.2 Financial Performance 97
13.2.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 98
13.2.4 Key Developments 98
13.2.5 SWOT Analysis 99
13.2.6 Key Strategies 99
13.3 Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd 100
13.3.1 Company Overview 100
13.3.2 Financial Performance 100
13.3.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 101
13.3.4 Key Developments 101
13.3.5 SWOT Analysis 102
13.3.6 Key Strategies 102
13.4 NEC Corporation 103
13.4.1 Company Overview 103
13.4.2 Financial Performance 103
13.4.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 104
13.4.4 Key Developments 104
13.4.5 SWOT Analysis 105
13.4.6 Key Strategy 105
13.5 Ericsson 106
13.5.1 Company Overview 106
13.5.2 Financial Performance 106
13.5.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 107
13.5.4 Key Developments 107
13.5.5 SWOT Analysis 108
13.5.6 Key Strategies 108
13.6 Samsung Electronics 109
13.6.1 Company Overview 109
13.6.2 Financial Performance 109
13.6.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 110
13.6.4 Key Developments 110
13.6.5 SWOT Analysis 111
13.6.6 Key Strategy 111
13.7 ZTE Corporation 112
13.7.1 Company Overview 112
13.7.2 Financial Performance 112
13.7.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 113
13.7.4 Key Developments 113
13.7.5 SWOT Analysis 114
13.7.6 Key Strategy 114
13.8 Mitel Networks Corporation ( Mavenir) 115
13.8.1 Company Overview 115
13.8.2 Financial Performance 115
13.8.3 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 116
13.8.4 Key Developments 116
13.8.5 SWOT Analysis 117
13.8.6 Key Strategy 117
13.9 Affirmed Networks 118
13.9.1 Company Overview 118
13.9.2 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 118
13.9.3 Key Developments 118
13.9.4 Key Strategy 119
13.10 Athonet S.R.L 120
13.10.1 Company Overview 120
13.10.2 Products/Services/Solutions Offerings 120
13.10.3 Key Developments 120
14 List Of Tables
List Of Tables
TABLE 1 MARKET SYNOPSIS 14
TABLE 2 LIST OF ASSUMPTIONS 17
TABLE 3 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 38
TABLE 4 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 39
TABLE 5 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 42
TABLE 6 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 45
TABLE 7 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 48
TABLE 8 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 50
TABLE 9 NORTH AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 52
TABLE 10 NORTH AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 52
TABLE 11 NORTH AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT , 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 53
TABLE 12 NORTH AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE , 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 54
TABLE 13 NORTH AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 55
TABLE 14 US: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 55
TABLE 15 US : VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 56
TABLE 16 US: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 56
TABLE 17 US: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 56
TABLE 18 CANADA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 57
TABLE 19 CANADA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT , 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 57
TABLE 20 CANADA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 57
TABLE 21 CANADA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 58
TABLE 22 MEXICO: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 58
TABLE 23 MEXICO: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 58
TABLE 24 MEXICO: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 59
TABLE 25 MEXICO: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 59
TABLE 26 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 61
TABLE 27 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 61
TABLE 28 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 62
TABLE 29 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 63
TABLE 30 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 63
TABLE 31 GERMANY: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 64
TABLE 32 GERMANY: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 64
TABLE 33 GERMANY: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 65
TABLE 34 GERMANY: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 65
TABLE 35 UK: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT , 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 65
TABLE 36 UK: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 66
TABLE 37 UK: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 66
TABLE 38 UK: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 66
TABLE 39 FRANCE : VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 67
TABLE 40 FRANCE: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 67
TABLE 41 FRANCE: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 68
TABLE 42 FRANCE: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 68
TABLE 43 REST OF EUROPE : VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 68
TABLE 44 REST OF EUROPE: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 69
TABLE 45 REST OF EUROPE: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 69
TABLE 46 REST OF EUROPE: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 69
TABLE 47 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 72
TABLE 48 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 72
TABLE 49 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 73
TABLE 50 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 74
TABLE 51 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 75
TABLE 52 CHINA : VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 75
TABLE 53 CHINA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 76
TABLE 54 CHINA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 76
TABLE 55 CHINA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 76
TABLE 56 JAPAN : VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 77
TABLE 57 JAPAN: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 77
TABLE 58 JAPAN: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 78
TABLE 59 JAPAN: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 78
TABLE 60 INDIA : VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 78
TABLE 61 INDIA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 79
TABLE 62 INDIA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 79
TABLE 63 INDIA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 79
TABLE 64 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC : VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 80
TABLE 65 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 80
TABLE 66 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 81
TABLE 67 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 81
TABLE 68 REST OF THE WORLD VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 83
TABLE 69 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 83
TABLE 70 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 84
TABLE 71 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 85
TABLE 72 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 85
TABLE 73 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 86
TABLE 74 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 86
TABLE 75 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 87
TABLE 76 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 87
TABLE 77 LATIN AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 87
TABLE 78 LATIN AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 79 LATIN AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 80 LATIN AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 89
15 List Of Figures
List Of Figures
FIGURE 1 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET: MARKET STRUCTURE 17
FIGURE 2 NORTH AMERICA MARKET SIZE & MARKET SHARE BY COUNTRY (2020 VS 2027) 19
FIGURE 3 EUROPE MARKET SIZE & MARKET SHARE BY COUNTRY (2020 VS 2027) 19
FIGURE 4 ASIA-PACIFIC & MARKET SHARE BY COUNTRY (2020 VS 2027) 20
FIGURE 5 REST OF THE WORLD MARKET SIZE & MARKET SHARE BY COUNTRY (2020 VS 2027) 20
FIGURE 6 RESEARCH PROCESS OF MRFR 22
FIGURE 7 TOP DOWN & BOTTOM UP APPROACH 25
FIGURE 8 DOC ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET 27
FIGURE 9 DRIVERS IMPACT ANALYSIS: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET 29
FIGURE 10 VALUE CHAIN: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET 32
FIGURE 11 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF THE GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET 33
FIGURE 12 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 37
FIGURE 13 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 39
FIGURE 14 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 41
FIGURE 15 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 45
FIGURE 16 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 47
FIGURE 17 GLOBAL VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 50
FIGURE 18 NORTH AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 51
FIGURE 19 NORTH AMERICA: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 52
FIGURE 20 NORTH AMERICA VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT , 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 53
FIGURE 21 NORTH AMERICA VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE , 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 54
FIGURE 22 NORTH AMERICA VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 55
FIGURE 23 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 60
FIGURE 24 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 61
FIGURE 25 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 62
FIGURE 26 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 62
FIGURE 27 EUROPE VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 63
FIGURE 28 ASIA-PACIFIC: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION , 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 71
FIGURE 29 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 72
FIGURE 30 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 73
FIGURE 31 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 74
FIGURE 32 ASIA-PACIFIC VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 75
FIGURE 33 REST OF THE WORLD VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY REGION, 2020-2027 (USD MILLION) 82
FIGURE 34 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 83
FIGURE 35 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY DEPLOYMENT , 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 84
FIGURE 36 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY USE CASE, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 84
FIGURE 37 REST OF THE WORLD: VIRTUALIZED EVOLVED PACKET CORE MARKET, BY END-USER, 2020 TO 2027 (USD MILLION) 85
FIGURE 38 BENCHMARKING OF MAJOR COMPETITORS 92