Field Peas Market for Pet Food Research Report: by Type (Peas, Chickpeas, Others), by Application (Dog Food, Cat Food, Others), and Region - Global Forecast till 2030

1 Executive Summary

2 Market Introduction

2.1 Definition 17

2.2 Scope of the Study 17

2.3 Assumptions 18

2.4 Market Structure 18

2.5 Key Takeaways 19

2.6 Key Buying Criteria 19

3 Research Methodology

3.1 Research Process 21

3.2 Primary Research 22

3.3 Secondary Research 23

3.4 Market Size Estimation 23

3.5 Forecast Model 24

4 Market Dynamics

4.1 Introduction 26

4.2 Drivers 27

4.2.1 Increase in pet population and pet adoption 27

4.2.2 Functional benefits of pea in pet food 27

4.2.3 Continuous product innovation 27

4.2.4 Drivers Impact Analysis 28

4.3 Restraints 29

4.3.1 Fluctuating prices of field peas 29

4.3.2 Intolerance of peas among the pets 29

4.3.3 Restraints Impact Analysis 29

4.4 Opportunities 30

4.4.1 Increasing demand for grain-free pet diet 30

4.4.2 Inclination towards plant-sourced protein in pet food 30

4.5 Challenges 30

4.5.1 Change in feed preferences among the pet owners 30

5 Market Factor Analysis

5.1 Value Chain Analysis 32

5.2 Supply Chain Analysis 33

5.3 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 34

5.3.1 Threat of New Entrants 35

5.3.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 35

5.3.3 Threat of Substitutes 35

5.3.4 Bargaining Power of Buyers 35

5.3.5 Intensity of Rivalry 36

6 Global Field Peas Market for Pet Food, By Type

6.1 Overview 38

6.1.1 Peas 38

6.1.2 Chickpeas 38

6.1.3 Others 38

7 Global Field Peas Market for Pet Food, By Application

7.1 Overview 43

7.1.1 Dog Food 43

7.1.2 Cat Food 43

7.1.3 Others 43

8 Global Field Peas Market for Pet Food, By Region

8.1 Introduction 48

8.2 North America 49

8.2.1 U.S. 52

8.2.2 Canada 54

8.2.3 Mexico 56

8.3 Europe 58

8.3.1 U.K 61

8.3.2 Germany 63

8.3.3 France 65

8.3.4 Italy 67

8.3.5 Spain 69

8.3.6 Rest of Europe 71

8.4 Asia Pacific 73

8.4.1 China 76

8.4.2 India 78

8.4.3 Japan 80

8.4.4 Australia 82

8.4.5 Rest of Asia Pacific 84

8.5 Rest of the World 86

8.5.1 Latin America 89

8.5.2 Middle East 91

8.5.3 Africa 93

9 Competitive Landscape

10 Company Profiles

10.1 AGT Food and Ingredients, Inc. 100

10.1.1 Company Overview 100

10.1.2 Financial Overview 100

10.1.3 Products Offerings 100

10.1.4 Key Developments 101

10.1.5 SWOT Analysis 101

10.1.6 Key Strategy 102

10.2 Ceres Global Ag Corp. 103

10.2.1 Company Overview 103

10.2.2 Financial Overview 103

10.2.3 Products Offerings 104

10.2.4 Key Development 104

10.2.5 SWOT Analysis 104

10.2.6 Key Strategy 104

10.3 George F. Brocke & Sons Inc. 105

10.3.1 Company Overview 105

10.3.2 Financial Overview 105

10.3.3 Products Offerings 105

10.3.4 Key Developments 105

10.3.5 SWOT Analysis 105

10.3.6 Key Strategy 106

10.4 Great Northern AG. 107

10.4.1 Company Overview 107

10.4.2 Financial Overview 107

10.4.3 Products Offerings 107

10.4.4 Key Development 107

10.4.5 SWOT Analysis 108

10.4.6 Key Strategy 108

10.5 Columbia Grain International, LLC 109

10.5.1 Company Overview 109

10.5.2 Financial Overview 109

10.5.3 Products Offerings 109

10.5.4 Key Developments 109

10.5.5 Key Strategy 109

10.6 Crites Seed Inc. 110

10.6.1 Company Overview 110

10.6.2 Financial Overview 110

10.6.3 Products Offerings 110

10.6.4 Key Development 110

10.6.5 Key Strategy 110

10.7 Palouse Brand 111

10.7.1 Company Overview 111

10.7.2 Financial Overview 111

10.7.3 Products Offerings 111

10.7.4 Key Developments 111

10.7.5 Key Strategy 111

11 Conclusion

11.1 Key Findings 113

12 List of Tables

TABLE 1 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 13

TABLE 2 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 13

TABLE 3 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 14

TABLE 4 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 14

TABLE 5 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 15

TABLE 6 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 15

TABLE 7 LIST OF ASSUMPTIONS 18

TABLE 8 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (PEAS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 39

TABLE 9 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (PEAS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 39

TABLE 10 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (CHICKPEAS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 40

TABLE 11 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (CHICKPEAS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 40

TABLE 12 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (OTHERS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 41

TABLE 13 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (OTHERS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 41

TABLE 14 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (DOG FOOD), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 43

TABLE 15 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (DOG FOOD), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 44

TABLE 16 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (CAT FOOD), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 44

TABLE 17 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (CAT FOOD), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 45

TABLE 18 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (OTHERS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 45

TABLE 19 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD (OTHERS), BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 46

TABLE 20 NORTH AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 49

TABLE 21 NORTH AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 50

TABLE 22 NORTH AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 50

TABLE 23 NORTH AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 50

TABLE 24 NORTH AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 51

TABLE 25 NORTH AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 51

TABLE 26 U.S.: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 52

TABLE 27 U.S.: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 52

TABLE 28 U.S.: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 53

TABLE 29 U.S.: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 53

TABLE 30 CANADA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 54

TABLE 31 CANADA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 54

TABLE 32 CANADA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 55

TABLE 33 CANADA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 55

TABLE 34 MEXICO: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 56

TABLE 35 MEXICO: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 56

TABLE 36 MEXICO: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 57

TABLE 37 MEXICO: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 57

TABLE 38 EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 58

TABLE 39 EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 59

TABLE 40 EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 59

TABLE 41 EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 60

TABLE 42 EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 60

TABLE 43 EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 60

TABLE 44 U.K: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 61

TABLE 45 U.K: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 61

TABLE 46 U.K: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 62

TABLE 47 U.K: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 62

TABLE 48 GERMANY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 63

TABLE 49 GERMANY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 63

TABLE 50 GERMANY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 64

TABLE 51 GERMANY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 64

TABLE 52 FRANCE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 65

TABLE 53 FRANCE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 65

TABLE 54 FRANCE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 66

TABLE 55 FRANCE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 66

TABLE 56 ITALY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 67

TABLE 57 ITALY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 67

TABLE 58 ITALY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 68

TABLE 59 ITALY: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 68

TABLE 60 SPAIN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 69

TABLE 61 SPAIN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 69

TABLE 62 SPAIN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 70

TABLE 63 SPAIN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 70

TABLE 64 REST OF EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 71

TABLE 65 REST OF EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 71

TABLE 66 REST OF EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 72

TABLE 67 REST OF EUROPE: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 72

TABLE 68 ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 73

TABLE 69 ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 74

TABLE 70 ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 74

TABLE 71 ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 75

TABLE 72 ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 75

TABLE 73 ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 75

TABLE 74 CHINA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 76

TABLE 75 CHINA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 76

TABLE 76 CHINA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 77

TABLE 77 CHINA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 77

TABLE 78 INDIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 78

TABLE 79 INDIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 78

TABLE 80 INDIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 79

TABLE 81 INDIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 79

TABLE 82 JAPAN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 80

TABLE 83 JAPAN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 80

TABLE 84 JAPAN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 81

TABLE 85 JAPAN: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 81

TABLE 86 AUSTRALIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 82

TABLE 87 AUSTRALIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 82

TABLE 88 AUSTRALIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 83

TABLE 89 AUSTRALIA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 83

TABLE 90 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 84

TABLE 91 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 84

TABLE 92 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 85

TABLE 93 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 85

TABLE 94 REST OF THE WORLD: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 86

TABLE 95 REST OF THE WORLD: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY REGION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 87

TABLE 96 REST OF THE WORLD: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 87

TABLE 97 REST OF THE WORLD: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 87

TABLE 98 REST OF THE WORLD: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 88

TABLE 99 REST OF THE WORLD: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 88

TABLE 100 LATIN AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 89

TABLE 101 LATIN AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 89

TABLE 102 LATIN AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 90

TABLE 103 LATIN AMERICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 90

TABLE 104 MIDDLE EAST: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 91

TABLE 105 MIDDLE EAST: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 91

TABLE 106 MIDDLE EAST: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 92

TABLE 107 MIDDLE EAST: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 92

TABLE 108 AFRICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 93

TABLE 109 AFRICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 93

TABLE 110 AFRICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (USD MILLION) 94

TABLE 111 AFRICA: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION, 2022-2030 (“000” TONS) 94

TABLE 112 COMPETIVE LANDSCAPING: GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD MARKET: BY STRATEGY (2022-2030) 97

13 List of Tables

FIGURE 1 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD SHARE (%), BY REGION (2022 & 2030) 13

FIGURE 2 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD SHARE (%), BY TYPE (2022 & 2030) 14

FIGURE 3 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD SHARE (%), BY APPLICATION (2022 & 2030) 15

FIGURE 4 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD: MARKET STRUCTURE 18

FIGURE 5 KEY TAKEAWAYS OF THE FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 19

FIGURE 6 KEY BUYING CRITERIA OF FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 19

FIGURE 7 RESEARCH PROCESS OF MRFR 21

FIGURE 8 TOP DOWN & BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 24

FIGURE 9 MARKET DYNAMICS OF GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 26

FIGURE 10 DRIVERS IMPACT ANALYSIS: GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 28

FIGURE 11 RESTRAINTS IMPACT ANALYSIS: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 29

FIGURE 12 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 32

FIGURE 13 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS: FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 33

FIGURE 14 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF THE GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD 34

FIGURE 15 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY TYPE 2022 & 2030 (USD MILLION) 38

FIGURE 16 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY APPLICATION 2022 & 2030 (USD MILLION) 43

FIGURE 17 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY REGION 2022 & 2030 (USD MILLION) 48

FIGURE 18 NORTH AMERICA FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY 2022 & 2030 (USD MILLION) 49

FIGURE 19 EUROPE FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY 2022 & 2030 (USD MILLION) 58

FIGURE 20 ASIA PACIFIC FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY 2022 & 2030 (USD MILLION) 73

FIGURE 21 REST OF THE WORLD FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD, BY COUNTRY 2022 & 2030 (USD MILLION) 86

FIGURE 22 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD: MAJOR PLAYER MARKET DEVELOPMENT SHARE 2022-2030 96

FIGURE 23 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD MARKET: STRATEGY ANALYSIS 97

FIGURE 24 GLOBAL FIELD PEAS MARKET FOR PET FOOD: MARKET DEVELOPMENT (2022-2030) 98